《西周兴亡史研究》
本书以西周政治史为研究对象,以西周十二王作为历史叙事的时间轴线,着力揭示西周国家兴衰隆替、多元一体的演进轨迹和发展规律。立足学术前沿,充分利用新出甲骨文、金文、战国竹简和考古资料,系统叙及相关历史线索和主要史实,坚持以问题为导向,注重探讨相关学术争议,诸如对先周殷周关系、武王伐纣、周公东征、三公体制、昭王南征、厉王专利、共和行政、平王东迁等重大历史问题都有深度解析,宏观与微观相融,历史与逻辑互证,探赜索隐,推陈致新,有助于加深对西周文明历史的理解和认知。

绪论 / 001
第一章 周人的崛起 / 010
第一节 周人始祖后稷的传说 / 010
一、关于后稷弃的时代问题 / 010
二、后稷族居地在关中不在晋南 / 017
三、后稷出世神话的文化意义 / 023
第二节 周人居豳时代的发展 / 029
一、公刘迁豳与创建新邦 / 029
二、豳都地望考辨 / 035
三、豳人社会生活 / 040
第三节 从迁都周原到东徙丰镐 / 047
一、周人迁岐的战略指向 / 047
二、季历继位与征伐戎狄 / 060
三、文王东进战略的强力推进 / 066
第二章 武王克商与共主嬗易 / 105
第一节 武王伐纣及其年代 / 105
一、武王继位未尝改元 / 105
二、武王伐纣路线与日程 / 110
三、周人何以“克昏夙有商” / 128
第二节 周邦政治角色的转换 / 140
一、武王开国在位年数 / 140
二、“民心惟本”的治国理念 / 143
三、武王大分封与三监封地 / 147
第三章 周公东征与东封 / 164
第一节 管蔡启商以叛 / 164
一、地方控制的制度性缺失 / 164
二、王权名与实的分离 / 166
三、内乱与外患的交织 / 172
第二节 周公二度东征 / 175
一、成世铜器鉴别 / 176
二、周公东征 / 181
三、成王东征 / 194
第三节 东方大藩次第封建 / 199
一、卫国 / 199
二、燕国 / 208
三、鲁国 / 220
四、齐国 / 228
第四章 宅兹中国乂民 / 235
第一节 东都成周的营建 / 235
一、双城与一城之争 / 235
二、东都成周的地理位置 / 241
三、成周地名内涵的变化 / 245
第二节 怀柔与迁殷 / 251
一、徙微封宋 / 251
二、殷遗民西迁后的境遇 / 253
三、鲁卫治下的殷遗民 / 257
第三节 异姓古国的显微 / 262
一、圣胄之国 / 262
二、北国 / 265
三、 国 / 276
四、孤竹 / 294
第五章 经略四方 / 317
第一节 康王分封与征伐 / 317
一、重新认识周初治世 / 317
二、新封与徙封诸侯 / 319
三、南巡伐虎方 / 326
四、盂伐鬼方 / 337
第二节 昭王南征楚荆 / 343
一、两次南征史迹厘正 / 343
二、楚居丹阳识地 / 348
三、广惩楚荆 / 356
第六章 制度文明 / 362
第一节 嫡长子继承制 / 362
一、商代王位继承制的特质 / 362
二、周邦从立贤到立嫡的演变 / 373
三、两种性质的兄终弟及 / 381
四、继统法变革的新进境 / 385
第二节 三公之制 / 387
一、竹书《祭公》的新发现 / 387
二、三公姓氏、封地与职爵 / 390
三、三公合议制中央政府的运行 / 398
第三节 从井氏家族看世卿制度 / 410
一、井氏家族姓氏 / 410
二、井氏居邑寻踪 / 415
三、世卿制的双重功能 / 422
第七章 西周中期王道衰微 / 430
第一节 穆王政失常轨 / 430
一、肆欲西游 / 430
二、西征东伐 / 434
三、大兴赎法 / 441
第二节 共懿孝夷四王 / 446
一、王位继统的失范 / 446
二、贵族力量的膨胀 / 453
三、土地管理的松弛 / 461
第八章 厉王革典与共和行政 / 471
第一节 厉王革典的多维审视 / 471
一、对外战争成败 / 471
二、专利政策利弊 / 481
三、千秋功罪评说 / 487
第二节 共和行政的历史真相 / 492
一、“共伯和干王位”衡短论长 / 492
二、二相共和说的是非得失 / 497
三、共伯和以首席执政摄行王政 / 501
第九章 西周的衰亡 / 510
第一节 宣幽时期对外族的战争 / 510
一、对东南蛮夷的战争 / 510
二、对西戎狁的战争 / 519
三、千亩之战的危局 / 536
第二节 频世政治乱象 / 546
一、历史幻影:宣王中兴 / 546
二、祸起萧墙:褒姒夺嫡 / 555
三、自乱阵营:申曾叛周 / 562
第三节 宗周陨灭与平王东迁 / 572
一、幽王政权的倾覆 / 572
二、平王东迁的曲折历程 / 588
三、晋、郑、秦三君年代指迷 / 597
四、历史变局中的文明接续 / 607
附录 / 617
附录一 中华文明五千年的学理问题 / 617
附录二 西周年代学研究的新视野 / 630
附录三 关于令方彝的年代问题 / 637
附录四 曾公编钟破解康宫难题 / 655
附录五 关于清华简《保训》的著作年代问题 / 660
附录六 清华简:开启古史研究新境界 / 673
参考文献 / 679
索引 / 714
后记 / 724
CONTENTS
Introduction / 001
CHAPTER 1 THT RISE OF THE ZHOU PEOPLE / 010
1.1 The Mythology of the Zhou’s Ancestor Hou Ji / 010
1.1.1 The Time of Hou Ji/Qi (the Lord of Millet) / 010
1.1.2 An Investigation into the Location of Hou Ji and his Group / 017
1.1.3 The Cultural Significance of the Mythology of Hou Ji’s Birth / 023
1.2 The Development of Zhou when Habilitating at Bin / 029
1.2.1 Gong Liu’s Migration to Bin and the Establishment of the New State / 029
1.2.2 An Inquiry of the Location of Bin / 035
1.2.3 The Social Life at Bin / 040
1.3 Zhou’s Move from the Zhouyuan to Fenghao / 047
1.3.1 The Strategic Orientation of the Migration to Qi / 047
1.3.2 The Succession of Jili and the Military Campagin against Rong&Di / 060
1.3.3 The Implementation of the Eastward Strategy under King Wen / 066
CHAPTER 2 THE CONQUEST OF SHANG AND THE DYNASTIC CHANGE / 105
2.1 The Date and Process of the Conquest of Shang / 105
2.1.1 No New Regnal Era after King Wu’s Succession / 105
2.1.2 The Itinerary of the Conquest / 110
2.1.3 The Reason of “Occupation of Shang by the Dawn” / 128
2.2 The Policy Transformation of the Zhou State / 140
2.2.1 An Inquiry of the Length of King Wu’s Reign after the Conquest / 140
2.2.2 The Governance Idea of “Rooted in People’s Heart” / 143
2.2.3 The Enfeoffment under King Wu and the Establishment of Three Guards / 147
CHAPTER 3 THE CONQUEST AND THE ENFEOFFMENT UNDER ZHOU GONG / 164
3.1 The Rebellion of the Three Guards / 164
3.1.1 The Institutional Defects regarding the Control outside the Capital Region / 164
3.1.2 The Separation of the Kingship’s Substance and Denomination / 166
3.1.3 The Complex Disorders inside and outside the Zhou State / 172
3.2 The Second Military Campaign to the East / 175
3.2.1 The Identification of the Bronzes dating back to King Cheng’s Reign Period / 176
3.2.2 The Military Conquest Eastwards under Zhou Gong / 181
3.2.3 The Military Conquest Eastwards under King Cheng / 194
3.3 The Enfeoffment in the East / 199
3.3.1 The Vassal State Wei / 199
3.3.2 The Vassal State Yan / 208
3.3.3 The Vassal State Lu / 220
3.3.4 The Vassal State Qi / 228
CHAPTER 4 RULING THE CENTRAL KINGDOM / 235
4.1 The Establishment of the Eastern Capital Chengzhou / 235
4.1.1 The Debate between Single or Dual Capitals / 235
4.1.2 The Location of the Eastern Capital Chengzhou / 241
4.1.3 The Meaning of the Toponym Chengzhou / 245
4.2 Cherishing the Yin Adherents and the Relocation of Yin People / 251
4.2.1 The Foundation of the Song State / 251
4.2.2 The Situation of Yin People after the Relocation / 253
4.2.3 Yin People under the Supervision by Lu and Wei / 257
4.3 The History of Non-Ji (Non-Royal) States / 262
4.3.1 The States Ruled by the Adherents of Former Kings / 262
4.3.2 The Bei State / 265
4.3.3 The Ji State / 276
4.3.4 The Guzhu State / 294
CHAPTER 5 THE NATIONWIDE GOVERNANCE / 317
5.1 The Enfeoffment and Military Campaigns under King Kang / 317
5.1.1 Revisiting the Prosperous Period of the Early Western Zhou / 317
5.1.2 New Enfeoffment and Relocation of Vassal States / 319
5.1.3 The Military Campaign against Hufang in the South / 326
5.1.4 The Military Campaign against Guifang / 337
5.2 The Military Campaign again Jin-Chu in the South / 343
5.2.1 An Exploration of the Itineraries of the Two Campaigns / 343
5.2.2 An Inquiry of the Location of Danyang of Chu / 348
5.2.3 The Punishment of Jin-Chu / 356
CHAPTER 6 THE INSTITUTIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS OF THE WESTERN ZHOU / 362
6.1 The Zhou Practise of Primogeniture / 362
6.1.1 The Idiosyncrasies of the Shang Succession / 362
6.1.2 The Transformation from Choosing the Sage to Choosing the Eldest / 373
6.1.3 Two Forms of Agnatic Seniority / 381
6.1.4 The New Developments of the Succession Institutions / 385
6.2 The System of Three Excellencies / 387
6.2.1 The Finding of the Bamboo Stripes “Zhai Gong” / 387
6.2.2 The Ancestral Name, the Fief, and the Title of the Three Excellencies / 390
6.2.3 The Operation of the Central Government under the System of Three Excellencies / 398
6.3 The Hereditary System from the Viewpoint of “Xing Family” / 410
6.3.1 The Ancestral Name of the “Xing Family” / 410
6.3.2 The Location of the “Xing Family Family” / 415
6.3.3 The Dual Functionalities of the Hereditary System / 422
CHAPTER 7 THE DECLINE OF GOVERNANCE IN THE MIDDLE WESTERN ZHOU PERIOD / 430
7.1 The Political Disorder under King Mu / 430
7.1.1 The Parades to the West at Pleasure / 430
7.1.2 The Military Campaigns / 434
7.1.3 The Abuse of Atonement Policy / 441
7.2 The Period of King Gong, King Yi, King Xiao, and King Yi / 446
7.2.1 The Disarray of Succession / 446
7.2.2 The Dilation of Aristocrasies / 453
7.2.3 The Laxation of Land Management / 461
CHAPTER 8 THE REFORM UNDER KING LI AND THE GONGHE REGENCY / 471
8.1 Multiple Aspects of King Li’s Reform / 471
8.1.1 The Achievements and Failures of Military Campaigns / 471
8.1.2 The Merits and Detriments of the Monopolisation Policy / 481
8.1.3 An Assessment of King Li’s Status in the History / 487
8.2 The Historical Facts of the Gonghe Regency / 492
8.2.1 The Debate of Gong Bo He’s Regency / 492
8.2.2 The Gains and Losses of the Dual Chancellors Regency / 497
8.2.3 The Regency under Gong Bo He as the Prime Regent / 501
CHAPTER 9 THE DOWNFALL OF THE WESTERN ZHOU / 510
9.1 The Military Campaigns against non Han-Chinese Groups under King Xuan and King You / 510
9.1.1 War with the Local Groups in the East and in the South / 510
9.1.2 War with Xianyun in the West / 519
9.1.3 The Crisis of the Battle at Qianmu / 536
9.2 The Continuous Political Disorder / 546
9.2.1 The Rejuvenation under King Xuan / 546
9.2.2 The Chaos inside the Court Caused by Bao Si / 555
9.2.3 The Betrayal of Sheng Zeng / 562
9.3 The Downfall of Zongzhou and the Capital Move under King Ping / 572
9.3.1 The Overthrow of King You’s Regime / 572
9.3.2 The Hindered Process of the Capital Move under King Ping / 588
9.3.3 An Chronological Investigation of the Jin, the Zheng, and the Qin Vassals / 597
9.3.4 The Cultural Continuity in the Historical Changes / 607
APPENDIX / 617
1.1 On the Theoretical Aspects of the Five-thousand-year Civilisation in China / 617
1.2 New Perspectives of the Chronology of the Western Zhou Period / 630
1.3 An Chronological Inquiry of the Ling Fang Li / 637
1.4 New Interpretation of the Temple of Kang Based on the Finding of Zeng Gong Qiu Bianzhong / 655
1.5 Remarks on the Writing Era of the Tsinghua Bamboo Stripes “The Admonition of Protection” (“Bao Xun”) / 660
1.6 New Improvement Conduced by the Tsinghua Bamboo Stripes / 673
REFERENCES / 679
INDEX / 714
POSTSCRIPT / 724